HTML Programming

What is HTML?

• An acronym for HyperText Markup Language, HTML is the language used to tag various parts of a Web document so browsing software will know how to display that document's links, text, graphics and attached media.

• a special kind of text document that is used by Web browsers to present text and graphics. The text includes markup tags e.g <p> to indicate the start of a paragraph, and </p> to indicate the end of a paragraph.
• Hypertext is ordinary text that has been dressed up with extra features, such as formatting, images, multimedia, and links to other resources.
• Markup is the process of taking ordinary text and adding extra symbols. 
• Each of the symbols used for markup in HTML is a command that tells a browser how to display the text.
• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the set of markup symbols or codes inserted in a file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page. The markup tells the Web browser how to display a Web page's words and images for the user. Each individual markup code is referred to as an element (but many people also refer to as a tag). Some elements come in pairs that indicate when some display effect is to begin and when it is to end.

What is an HTML File?

• An HTML file is a text file containing small markup tags
•  The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page 
• An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension (xxx.html, xxx.htm) 
• An HTML file can be created using a simple text editor

HTML PROGRAMMING

There are three basic levels to the structure of an HTML document.

• First is the document structure, which is divided into major sections - such as the head, body and script components
• Second are the divisions within each of the major sections such as titles, meta data, divisions, paragraphs, forms and headings.
• The third level exists primarily within each of the major sections. It is the substructure of elements and their children, such as lists and list items, forms and form elements, and tables with table rows and data cells.

1.Basic elements of HTML coding

• Angle bracket (< >) : signal the browser that a new tag is being used
• Tag names – some tags indicate formating for a word, sentence, or part of a web page e.g <p>….</p> for new paragraph
• Attributes - allow to change default value for a particular tag I.e colour, font, font size e. g < font face=“comic sans” > will display text in comic sans not in times the default font for most web browser
• Presentational : <b>boldface</b>
• Structure : <h2>Golf</h2>
• Hypertext : <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a>,